Two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture systems are widely used for biological
studies, and are the basis of the organoid, tissue engineering and organ-on-chip research …

Hydrogel scaffolds serve as semi synthetic or synthetic extra cellular matrix to provide an
amenable environment for cellular adherence and cellular remodeling in three dimensional …

Natural hydrogel scaffolds usually exhibit insufficient mechanical strength which remains a
major challenge in bone tissue engineering. In this study, the limitation was addressed by …

Growth factors (GFs) are soluble proteins secreted by cells that have the ability to regulate a
variety of cellular processes and tissue regeneration. However, their translation into clinical …

The conjugation of biomolecules can impart materials with the bioactivity necessary to
modulate specific cell behaviors. While the biological roles of particular polypeptide …

Osteomyelitis is a complex disease in orthopedics mainly caused by bacterial pathogens
invading bone or bone marrow. The treatment of osteomyelitis is highly difficult and it is a …

Chitosan-based hydrogels have been widely used in biomedical applications owing to their
versatile properties. A novel chitosan-poly (ethylene glycol)-hydrocaffeic acid (CS-PEG-HA) …

It is well known that the central nervous system (CNS) has a limited regenerative capacity
and that many therapeutic molecules cannot cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). The use of …

The process of evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of drugs is important in the production of
new drugs to treat diseases. Testing in humans is the most accurate method, but there are …

Chemists, biologists, and material scientists alike have long sought to control protein
presentation, orientation, and activity within biomaterials to dictate reaction catalysis …