Objectives: Buprenorphine/naloxone, an evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder,
is sometimes diverted for non-medical use. In Rhode Island, the prevalence of opioid use …

Non-medical use of opioid analgesics (OAs) has increased in the United States over the
past decade. Concurrently, access to opioid agonist therapies (OATs) such as …

The ongoing overdose and drug toxicity crisis in North America has contributed momentum
to the emergence of safer supply prescribing and programs in Canada as a means of …

Background It is well known that illicit use of methadone and buprenorphine is common
among people with an opioid dependence. Less notice has been taken of the fact that these …

Non-medical prescription use of opioids (NMPUO) is a public health concern worldwide.
Recently, tramadol misuse is increasing, but the systematic research of misuse of this …

Background Diversion—patients who sell or share their medication—is a hotly debated but
relatively unresearched phenomenon. We have investigated the prevalence of self-reported …

Buprenorphine availability continues to expand as an effective treatment for opioid
dependence, but increases in availability have also been accompanied by increases in non …

Background Opioid substitution treatment (OST) with methadone or buprenorphine is the
most effective means of treating opioid dependence. If these substances are used by people …

Diversion—the practice of patients selling or sharing their medication—is a much debated
problem of opioid substitution treatment. Regular diversion by patients was studied at 11 …

Background. Nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) is a growing problem and
tramadol has been suggested as an emerging problem in young treatment‐seeking …