Background Chatbots are computer programs that present a conversation-like interface
through which people can access information and services. The COVID-19 pandemic has …

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had global impacts and caused some health
systems to experience substantial pressure. The need for accurate health information has …

Background Patients are increasingly turning to the Internet for health information.
Numerous online symptom checkers and digital triage tools are currently available to the …

Background Conversational agents (CAs), or chatbots, are computer programs that simulate
conversations with humans. The use of CAs in health care settings is recent and rapidly …

Background The ever-growing amount of health information available on the web is
increasing the demand for tools providing personalized and actionable health information …

Background Increasing use of emergency departments (EDs) by patients with low urgency,
combined with limited availability of medical staff, results in extended waiting times and …

Background: The potential of chatbots for screening and monitoring COVID-19 was
envisioned since the outbreak of the disease. Chatbots can help disseminate up-to-date and …

Abstract Symptom Checker Applications (SCA) are mobile applications often designed for
the end-user to assist with symptom assessment and self-triage. SCA are meant to provide …

Background: Symptom checker apps are patient-facing decision support systems aimed at
providing advice to laypersons on whether, where, and how to seek health care (disposition …

Background The burden on healthcare systems is mounting continuously owing to
population growth and aging, overuse of medical services, and the recent COVID-19 …