Understanding the vulnerability of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification is a critical issue,
especially in the Southern Ocean (SO), which is likely to be the one of the first, and most …

With the completion of a single unified classification, the Systema Porifera (SP) and
subsequent development of an online species database, the World Porifera Database …

Executive Summary The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global framework for monitoring
the status of ecosystems. It is part of the growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity …

Despite the wide range of functional roles performed by marine sponges they are still poorly
represented in many research, monitoring and conservation programmes. The aim of this …

Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

Marine sponges are able to process a variety of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P),
and silicon (Si) dissolved compounds, in addition to the particulate C, N, and P obtained …

Les éponges réagissent à la plupart des autres organismes des systèmes marins, en tant
que compétiteurs, symbiotes, hôtes de symbiotes, consommateurs et proies. L'étude et la …

The isolation of the Southern Ocean after the opening of Drake Passage some 23–25 million
years ago, the formation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the subsequent cooling of the …

Sponges are functionally important components of global benthic environments and have
been proposed as potential winners under future climate scenarios. We review the evidence …

Sponges are now the dominant habitat-forming animals on Caribbean reefs, where the
combined effects of climate change, pollution, and disease have decimated reef-building …