The vestibular cerebellum plays an essential role in maintaining our balance and ensuring
perceptual stability during activities of daily living. Here I examine three key regions of the …

Insects can perform impressive feats of navigation, suggesting a sophisticated sense of
direction and an ability to choose appropriate trajectories toward ethological goals. The …

Fifty years have passed since David Marr, Masao Ito, and James Albus proposed seminal
models of cerebellar functions. These models share the essential concept that parallel-fiber …

In recent years, many researchers have proposed new models for synaptic plasticity in the
brain based on principles of machine learning. The central motivation has been the …

The cerebellum plays a critical role in coordinating and learning complex movements.
Although its importance has been well recognized, the mechanisms of learning remain hotly …

Cerebellar Purkinje neurons are arguably some of the most conspicuous neurons in the
vertebrate central nervous system. They have characteristic planar fan-shaped dendrites …

The cerebellum aids the learning of fast, coordinated movements. According to current
consensus, erroneously active parallel fibre synapses are depressed by complex spikes …

Purkinje cells (PCs) are the principal cells of the cerebellar cortex and form a central
element in the modular organization of the cerebellum. Differentiation of PCs based on gene …

The majority of excitatory postsynaptic currents in the brain are gated through AMPA-type
glutamate receptors, the kinetics and trafficking of which can be modulated by auxiliary …

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous
system (CNS) and their subunit composition determines synaptic efficacy. Whereas AMPAR …