The discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 1989 permitted basic research to unravel critical
components of a complex life cycle for this important human pathogen. HCV is a highly …

Recombinant interferon‐α (IFN‐α) was approved by regulatory agencies in many countries
in 1986. As the first biotherapeutic approved, IFN‐α paved the way for the development of …

The action of interferons (IFNs) on virus-infected cells and surrounding tissues elicits an
antiviral state that is characterized by the expression and antiviral activity of IFN-stimulated …

The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR is a critical mediator of the
antiproliferative and antiviral effects exerted by interferons. Not only is PKR an effector …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem affecting an estimated 170
million individuals worldwide. We report the identification of multiple independent adaptive …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver diseases including liver cirrhosis and
hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately 3% of the world population is infected with HCV …

In the 15 years since the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV), much has been learned about
its role as a major causative agent of human liver disease and its ability to persist in the face …

On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences, multiple genotypes and
subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been identified. Characterization of these genetic …

The IFN-induced double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is one of the four
mammalian serine-threonine kinases (the three others being HRI, GCN2 and PERK) that …

Background A region associated with sensitivity to interferon has been identified in the
nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b. The region spans …