The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith, 1797), is a serious pest of
several crops, particularly maize and other cereals. It has long been known as a pest in the …

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), is native to the Americas. It has
rapidly invaded 47 African countries and 18 Asian countries since the first detection of …

Summary Butterflies (Papilionoidea), with over 18,000 described species [1], have
captivated naturalists and scientists for centuries. They play a central role in the study of …

The P450 family (CYP genes) of arthropods encodes diverse enzymes involved in the
metabolism of foreign compounds and in essential endocrine or ecophysiological functions …

The rapid wide‐scale spread of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has caused serious
crop losses globally. However, differences in the genetic background of subpopulations and …

Emergence of polyphagous herbivorous insects entails significant adaptation to recognize,
detoxify and digest a variety of host-plants. Despite of its biological and practical importance …

To understand the brain, molecular details need to be overlaid onto neural wiring diagrams
so that synaptic mode, neuromodulation and critical signaling operations can be considered …

The σ2 receptor is an enigmatic protein that has attracted significant attention because of its
involvement in diseases as diverse as cancer and neurological disorders. Unlike virtually all …

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and
has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great …

Fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith)) is emerging as the most destructive
pest of maize in India since its report in May 2018. Its rapid spread to more than 90% of …