The phenomenon of home advantage (home bias) is well-analyzed in the scientific
literature. But only the COVID-19 pandemic enabled studies on this phenomenon—for the …

The present article reports a narrative review of intervention (ie, training) studies using
Virtual Reality (VR) in sports contexts. It provides a qualitative overview and narrative …

In wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, 2019–2020 soccer seasons across the world were
postponed and eventually made up during the summer months of 2020. Researchers from a …

Due to restrictions against the COVID-19 pandemic, spectators were not allowed to attend
soccer matches at the end of the 2019/2020 season. Previous studies suggest that the …

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, European elite football (aka soccer) leagues played the
remaining season 2019/20 without or strongly limited attendance of supporters (ie,“ghost …

Sport fandom has attracted far-ranging research attention. Fans' commitment, loyalty, and
sense of affinity are abundantly expressed in a long list of life practices. Precisely in this …

The presence of sports fans in the stands is considered a natural and essential element of
sporting events. Beyond the atmosphere fans create and the color they add to the game …

Injuries represent a serious concern for football players, with a significant loss in terms of
sport participation and long periods of rehabilitation. According to the 2019/20 UEFA Élite …

Background Due to the unfortunate pandemic situation, the phenomena of home advantage
and referee bias in sports have recently received a particular research attention, especially …

The present multi-study article investigates the subjective experience of professional football
(aka soccer) referees and players during the COVID-19 pandemic and the so-called ghost …