A guide to: generation and design of nanobodies

S Muyldermans - The FEBS journal, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
A nanobody (Nb) is a registered trademark of Ablynx, referring to the single antigen‐binding
domain of heavy chain‐only antibodies (HCAbs) that are circulating in Camelidae. Nbs are …

Nanobodies: robust miniprotein binders in biomedicine

JYJ Kim, Z Sang, Y Xiang, Z Shen, Y Shi - Advanced Drug Delivery …, 2023 - Elsevier
Variable domains of heavy chain-only antibodies (VHH), also known as nanobodies (Nbs),
are monomeric antigen-binding domains derived from the camelid heavy chain-only …

Anti-CTLA-4 nanobody as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy

M Babamohamadi, N Mohammadi, E Faryadi… - Cell Death & …, 2024 - nature.com
Cancer is one of the most common diseases and causes of death worldwide. Since common
treatment approaches do not yield acceptable results in many patients, developing …

Structural insights into the design of synthetic nanobody libraries

MS Valdés-Tresanco, A Molina-Zapata, AG Pose… - Molecules, 2022 - mdpi.com
Single domain antibodies from camelids, or nanobodies, are a unique class of antibody
fragments with several advantageous characteristics: small monomeric size, high stability …

A comprehensive comparison between camelid nanobodies and single chain variable fragments

Y Asaadi, FF Jouneghani, S Janani… - Biomarker Research, 2021 - Springer
By the emergence of recombinant DNA technology, many antibody fragments have been
developed devoid of undesired properties of natural immunoglobulins. Among them …

Single-domain antibodies and their formatting to combat viral infections

D De Vlieger, M Ballegeer, I Rossey, B Schepens… - Antibodies, 2018 - mdpi.com
Since their discovery in the 1990s, single-domain antibodies (VHHs), also known as
Nanobodies®, have changed the landscape of affinity reagents. The outstanding solubility …

Shark new antigen receptor (IgNAR): structure, characteristics and potential biomedical applications

SN Juma, X Gong, S Hu, Z Lv, J Shao, L Liu, G Chen - Cells, 2021 - mdpi.com
Shark is a cartilaginous fish that produces new antigen receptor (IgNAR) antibodies. This
antibody is identified with a similar human heavy chain but dissimilar sequences. The …

30 years of nanobodies–an ongoing success story of small binders in biological research

DI Frecot, T Froehlich… - Journal of Cell Science, 2023 - journals.biologists.com
ABSTRACT A milestone in the field of recombinant binding molecules was achieved 30
years ago with the discovery of single-domain antibodies from which antigen-binding …

Engineering a low-immunogenic mirror-image VHH against vascular endothelial growth factor

K Aoki, K Higashi, S Oda, A Manabe… - ACS Chemical …, 2024 - ACS Publications
Immunogenicity is a major caveat of protein therapeutics. In particular, the long-term
administration of protein therapeutic agents leads to the generation of antidrug antibodies …

Advances in the production and batch reformatting of phage antibody libraries

RH Reader, RG Workman, BC Maddison… - Molecular …, 2019 - Springer
Phage display antibody libraries have proven an invaluable resource for the isolation of
diagnostic and potentially therapeutic antibodies, the latter usually being antibody fragments …