In this paper, we review and meta-analyze the findings of experimental studies published
between 2006 and 2022 that examined the effects of coding and programming interventions …

Unplugged activities as a low-cost solution to foster computational thinking (CT) skills seem
to be a trend in recent years. However, current evidence of the effectiveness of unplugged …

There is increasing effort to integrate Computational Thinking (CT) curricula across all
education levels. Therefore, research on CT assessment has lately progressed towards …

As we begin to identify essential skills for the future, there has been an increased focus on
how to define and implement computational thinking within education. However, the …

Background Empirical research into the efficacy of Arduino-and Scratch-based interventions
in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has greatly increased in the …

Computational thinking (CT) has become an essential skill nowadays. For young students,
CT competency is required to prepare them for future jobs. This competency can facilitate …

Scratch is an educational software based on visual programming blocks. It was created in
2003 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Lab (MIT) and it develops …

The healthy development of cognitive functions, including executive functions, has been
shown to depend mainly on the experiences and learning opportunities of people …

Computing has become essential in modern-day problem-solving, making computational
literacy necessary for practicing scientists and engineers. However, K–12 science education …

The computer science (CS) unplugged approach intends to teach CS concepts and
computational thinking skills without employing any digital tools. The current study …