The pharmacotherapy of inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative
colitis) has experienced significant progress with the advent of monoclonal antibodies …

The effectiveness of thiopurine drugs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was confirmed
more than a half-century ago. It was proven that these can be essential immunomodulatory …

Pharmacogenomics is one of the emerging approaches to precision medicine, tailoring drug
selection and dosing to the patient's genetic features. In recent years, several …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, affect
several million individuals worldwide. These diseases are heterogeneous at the clinical …

Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1)
enzymes are glutathione-S-transferases with broad significance for susceptibility or …

Azathioprine (AZA) therapy failure, though not the primary cause, contributes to disease
relapse and progression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the role of gut …

This study was presented to observe the therapeutic effects of azathioprine (AZA)
pretreatment on myocardial ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) damage in diabetic rats. All rats …

Background Anxiety and depression symptoms are very common in patients with
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to explore the impact of anxiety and …

Abstract Exactly 70 years ago [1951] mercaptopurine was discovered by Gertrude Elion as a
novel treatment option for acute leukaemia. A total of three thiopurines (also thioguanine …

Exemestane (EXE) is a hormonal therapy used to treat estrogen receptor–positive breast
cancer by inhibiting the final step of estrogen biosynthesis catalyzed by the enzyme …