We present an overview of the global spatiotemporal distribution of avian biodiversity,
changes in our knowledge of that biodiversity, and the extent to which it is imperilled. Birds …

Climate change is a pervasive and growing global threat to biodiversity and ecosystems.
Here, we present the most up-to-date assessment of climate change impacts on biodiversity …

Warming from climate change is expected to reduce body size of endotherms, but studies
from temperate systems have produced equivocal results. Over four decades, we collected …

Bergmann's rule states that endotherms have a large body size in high latitudes and cold
climates. However, previous empirical studies have reported mixed evidence on the …

Anthropogenically-driven climate warming is a hypothesized driver of animal body size
reductions. Less understood are effects of other human-caused disturbances on body size …

As the climate has warmed, many birds have advanced their breeding timing. However, as
climate change also changes temperature distributions, breeding earlier might increase …

Bergmann's and Allen's rules state that endotherms should be larger and have shorter
appendages in cooler climates. However, the drivers of these rules are not clear. Both rules …

This scientific literature contains numerous descriptions of climatic changes and their effect
on wildlife and the ecosystem. Biodiversity and climate are interconnected to each other …

Body-size reductions are a pervasive response to climate change, and body size is a central
trait linking together multiple axes of ecology, physiology and life history. Using a …

Biologists have long noted that endotherms tend to have larger bodies (Bergmann's rule)
and shorter appendages (Allen's rule) in colder environments. Nevertheless, many …