Building envelope insulation is crucial for an energy-efficient and comfortable indoor
environment because the envelope accounts for 50–60% of total heat gain/loss in a …

Thermochromic and electrochromic smart windows are increasingly receiving attention for
their specific ability to regulate the dynamics of light and heat. The goal of improving smart …

Thermochromic window technologies promise pioneering architectural windows with energy-
saving capabilities through the intelligent regulation of indoor solar irradiation and …

As a large energy-consuming part of the envelope, windows and shading system play a
significant role in building savings. Once established in the primary design stage, it is difficult …

Renovation of old buildings is a key pillar of decarbonization approved in the Net Zero
Emissions (NZE) scenario. Based on NZE requirements, the share of zero-carbon-ready …

A systematic review of the technological options and strategies to achieve zero energy
buildings was carried out to establish today state-of-the-art knowledge base and to present …

Energy consumption in educational spaces, as one of the main consumers of fossil fuels,
has been a challenging issue in recent years. The present study seeks to develop a multi …

Mitigation option are not yet being implemented at the scale required to limit global warming
to well below 2° C. Various factors have been identified that inhibit the implementation of …

The high building energy-saving potential of integrated passive technologies has drawn
significant public attention. This paper combined field measurements and multi-objective …

Building sector is responsible for 40% of primary energy use worldwide. The heating,
ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, which provide cooling and heating to …