Crystallization is the main separation and purification process for the manufacturing of drug
substances. Not only does crystallization affect the efficiency of downstream operations such …

Crystallization is the most important unit operation for the separation and purification of
chemicals in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Crystallization processes in …

This scientific paper presents an overview of continuous solution crystallization in the
pharmaceutical industry. Since the specific knowledge spectrum of precipitation is very …

Although for decades nearly all pharmaceuticals have been purified by crystallization, there
have been a disproportionate number of problems associated with the operation and control …

The control objectives of batch crystallization processes are often defined in terms of particle
size distribution (PSD), or properties related to the PSD, viz. average particle size, product …

An online measurement technique for drop size distribution in stirred tank reactors is needed
but has not yet been developed. Different approaches and different techniques have been …

An increased interest has been directed towards the crystallization of pharmaceuticals and
proteins in recent years, which have additional complications compared to the extensively …

This study explores and analyses the kinetic and mechanistic aspects of microfiltration
cellulose acetate membrane fouling by polyamide (PA) and polystyrene (PS) particles in …

This paper describes a two-stage mixed-suspension, mixed-product removal (MSMPR)
continuous crystallization developed for a pharmaceutical intermediate which uses anti …

The aim of this work was to develop an integrated process analytical technology (PAT)
approach for a dynamic pharmaceutical co-precipitation process characterization and …