The past decade has witnessed ongoing progress in precision medicine to improve human
health. As an emerging diagnostic technique, liquid biopsy can provide real-time …

The dominance of antibodies in diagnostics has gradually changed following the discovery
of aptamers in the early 1990s. Aptamers offer inherent advantages over traditional …

Colorimetric approaches have received noticeable attention among sensing methods in
view of simplicity and watching the color change of sample by the naked eyes. However …

Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are predictors of tumorigenesis, accurate identification and
quantification of miRNAs with highly similar sequences are expected to reflect tumor …

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and the leading cause of death.
Early screening of lung cancer is exceptionally essential for later treatment. Abnormal lung …

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent an interesting source of biomarkers for diagnosis,
prognosis, and the prediction of cancer recurrence, yet while they are extensively studied in …

Designing fast and simple quantitative methods on cheap and disposable electrodes for the
early detection of HeLa cells is highly desirable for clinical diagnostics and public health. In …

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and is the leading cause
of tumor-related mortality. Traditional biomarkers and screening methods cannot meet the …

Metastasis is the main cause of cancer‑related death and the major challenge in cancer
treatment. Cancer cells in circulation are termed circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Primary …

17β-Estradiol (E2) can cause an adverse effect on the human endocrine system even at the
nanomolar level. Measurements of very low levels of E2 remain a critical challenge due to …