Most fish studied to date efficiently compensate for a hypercapnic acid-base disturbance;
however, many recent studies examining the effects of ocean acidification on fish have …

Coral reefs provide critical services to coastal communities, and these services rely on
ecosystem functions threatened by stressors. By summarizing the threats to the functioning …

Noise-generating human activities affect hearing, communication and movement in
terrestrial and aquatic animals, but direct evidence for impacts on survival is rare. We …

Biological communities are shaped by complex interactions between organisms and their
environment as well as interactions with other species. Humans are rapidly changing the …

Predicted future CO2 levels have been found to alter sensory responses and behaviour of
marine fishes. Changes include increased boldness and activity, loss of behavioural …

Anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans, causing a
progressive increase in ocean inorganic carbon concentrations and resulting in decreased …

Ocean acidification negatively affects many marine species and is predicted to cause
widespread changes to marine ecosystems. Similarly, freshwater ecosystems may …

Recently, the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on marine animal behaviour have garnered
considerable attention, as they can impact biological interactions and, in turn, ecosystem …

High carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in sea-water (ocean hypercapnia) can induce
neurological, physiological and behavioural deficiencies in marine animals,,,,,,,,,. Prediction …

Oceanic and coastal waters are acidifying due to processes dominated in the open ocean by
increasing atmospheric CO₂ and dominated in estuaries and some coastal waters by …