Inspired by physically adaptive, agile, reconfigurable and multifunctional soft-bodied
animals and human muscles, soft actuators have been developed for a variety of …

Manipulation and navigation of micro and nanoswimmers in different fluid environments can
be achieved by chemicals, external fields, or even motile cells. Many researchers have …

Bacterial biohybrids, composed of self-propelling bacteria carrying micro/nanoscale
materials, can deliver their payload to specific regions under magnetic control, enabling …

Inspired by natural mobile microorganisms, researchers have developed micro/nanomotors
(MNMs) that can autonomously move by transducing different kinds of energies into kinetic …

Systemic chemotherapy remains the backbone of many cancer treatments. Due to its
untargeted nature and the severe side effects it can cause, numerous nanomedicine …

3D printing (also called “additive manufacturing” or “rapid prototyping”) is able to translate
computer-aided and designed virtual 3D models into 3D tangible constructs/objects through …

Shape-morphing magnetic soft machines are highly desirable for diverse applications in
minimally invasive medicine, wearable devices, and soft robotics. Despite recent progress …

Acoustic tweezers provide an effective means for manipulating single cells and particles in a
high-throughput, precise, selective and contact-free manner. The adoption of acoustic …

Medical micro/nanorobots have received tremendous attention over the past decades owing
to their potential to be navigated into hard-to-reach tissues for a number of biomedical …

Intelligence of physical agents, such as human-made (eg, robots, autonomous cars) and
biological (eg, animals, plants) ones, is not only enabled by their computational intelligence …