Anxiety disorders are common, serious and a growing health problem worldwide. However,
the causative factors, aetiology and underlying mechanisms of anxiety disorders, as for most …

Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors respond to glutamate, the major excitatory
neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, mediating a modulatory role that is critical for …

Pharmacological modulation of glutamate has long been considered to be of immense
therapeutic utility. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are potential targets for …

Mood disorders are common and debilitating, resulting in a significant public health burden.
Current treatments are only partly effective and patients who have failed to respond to trials …

The appearance of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) and ongoing degeneration of
nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons are two key features of Parkinson's disease (PD) that …

Glutamatergic excitatory transmission is implicated in physiological and pathological
conditions like learning, memory, neuronal plasticity and emotions, while glutamatergic …

Group III metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are localized in presynaptic terminals
within basal ganglia (BG) circuitry that become hyperactive due to dopamine depletion in …

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and social issue worldwide.
Although there are many antidepressants available, the effectiveness of the therapy is still a …

Contrary to acute pain, chronic pain does not serve as a warning signal and must be
considered as a disease per se. This pathology presents a sensory and psychological …

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hemerocallis citrina, a traditional herbal
medicine, has been used for the improvement of emotions in Eastern-Asia countries. AIM OF …