Clostridium perfringens causes many different histotoxic and enterotoxic diseases in
humans and animals as a result of its ability to produce potent protein toxins, many of which …

Clostridium perfringens is an extremely versatile pathogen of humans and livestock, causing
wound infections like gas gangrene (clostridial myonecrosis), enteritis/enterocolitis …

Clostridium perfringens uses its arsenal of> 16 toxins to cause histotoxic and intestinal
infections in humans and animals. It has been unclear why this bacterium produces so many …

In both humans and animals, Clostridium perfringens is an important cause of histotoxic
infections and diseases originating in the intestines, such as enteritis and enterotoxemia …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the CNS thought to require an environmental
trigger. Gut dysbiosis is common in MS, but specific causative species are unknown. To …

Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive anaerobic rod that is classified into 5 toxinotypes
(A, B, C, D, and E) according to the production of 4 major toxins, namely alpha (CPA), beta …

Epsilon toxin (ETX) is produced by strains of Clostridium perfringens classified as type B or
type D. ETX belongs to the heptameric β‐pore‐forming toxins including aerolysin and …

Clostridium perfringens type C isolates, which cause enteritis necroticans in humans and
enteritis and enterotoxaemias of domestic animals, typically produce (at minimum) beta toxin …

Clostridium perfringensε‐toxin is produced by toxinotypes B and D strains. The toxin is the
aetiological agent of dysentery in newborn lambs but is also associated with enteritis and …

Clostridia comprise a heterogenous group of environmental bacteria containing 15
pathogenic species, which produce the most potent toxins. The origin of toxins is still …