The gut microbiota maintains a complex mutual interaction with different organs of the host.
Whereas in normal conditions this natural community of trillions of microorganisms greatly …

Because diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial metabolic disease, its prevention and
treatment has been a constant challenge for basic and clinical investigators focused on …

Background The beverage obtained by fermentation of milk with kefir grains, a complex
matrix containing acid bacteria and yeasts, has been shown to have beneficial effects in …

Clinical studies have suggested a potential involvement of endothelial dysfunction and
damage in the development and severity of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) …

The effects of bisphenol A (BPA) contamination on the cardiovascular function still are not
clear. Here, we evaluated the vascular effects of BPA and the protective actions of kefir in …

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Preclinical and
experimental studies show that PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5is) exert protective effects in DN …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-system connective tissue disease characterized by the
increased deposition of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and fibronectin …

Cyclic nucleotide signal transduction pathways are an emerging research field in kidney
disease. Activated cell surface receptors transduce their signals via intracellular second …

Arterial hypertension is a condition associated with endothelial dysfunction, accompanied by
an imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO. The aim of this …

The usefulness of selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) is well known, first for
the treatment of male erectile dysfunction and more recently for pulmonary hypertension …