Several lines of evidence support a role of the immune system in headache pathogenesis,
with particular regard to migraine. Firstly, alterations in cytokine profile and in lymphocyte …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare autoimmune/inflammatory disease with
significant morbidity and mortality. Approximately 15–20% of SLE patients develop the …

Background Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), with various
morbidities and multiple manifestations in the central nervous system, remains a limited …

Introduction Neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement is a restricted area in juvenile-onset
systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). Aim To investigate the prevalence, demographic and …

Neuropsychiatric manifestations occur frequently and are challenging to diagnose in
childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Most patients with childhood-onset …

Early-onset systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a distinct clinical entity characterized by
the onset of disease manifestations during childhood. Despite some similarities to patients …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is increasingly
affecting pediatric and adult populations. Neuropsychiatric manifestations (ie, cognitive …

Objective To assess childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus-related
antiphospholipid syndrome (cSLE-APS) in a large Brazilian population. Methods A …

Background Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is a widespread manifestation in adult systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but this subject is rarely examined in patients with …

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease
that manifests before the age of 16 years, following a remitting-relapsing course. The clinical …