The origin of the order Hemiptera can be traced to the late Permian Period more than 230
MYA, well before the origin of flowering plants 100 MY later in during the Cretaceous period …

[EN] Mating disruption (MD) is a species-specific and environmentally friendly pest
management tactic based on the release of synthetic sex pheromones aiming to interrupt the …

In biological invasions, multiple paternity can preserve genetic diversity over time and space
and contribute to invasion success. Therefore, knowledge on the mating system of invasive …

Aim A growing number of studies suggest that adaptation of invasive species plays key roles
in their successful establishment in novel environments. However, adaptation of invasive …

Symbiotic bacteria are highly diverse, play an important role in ecology and evolution, and
are also of applied relevance because many pest insects rely on them for their success …

Knowledge on the reproductive biology of target insect pest is essential for the effective
implementation of pheromone-based pest management tactics. In mealybugs, the second …

Laboratory studies was conducted in Biocontrol unit-Faculty of Agriculture-University of
Baghdad in order to determine the impact of different temperatures 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35±2 …

Citrus are important commodities for human and animal nutrition but these crops are
attacked by a plethora of dangerous agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and …

Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) causes the Cacao swollen shoot virus disease (CSSVD)
and significantly reduces production in West African cacao. This study characterised the …

Reproductive biology of mealybugs Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are insects
that show marked sexual dimorphism, where females do not develop wings and maintain …