Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions

C Escartin, E Galea, A Lakatos, JP O'Callaghan… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional
remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling …

Making sense of astrocytic calcium signals—from acquisition to interpretation

A Semyanov, C Henneberger, A Agarwal - Nature Reviews …, 2020 - nature.com
Astrocytes functionally interact with neurons and with other brain cells. Although not
electrically excitable, astrocytes display a complex repertoire of intracellular Ca2+ signalling …

[HTML][HTML] Glioblastoma hijacks neuronal mechanisms for brain invasion

V Venkataramani, Y Yang, MC Schubert, E Reyhan… - Cell, 2022 - cell.com
Glioblastomas are incurable tumors infiltrating the brain. A subpopulation of glioblastoma
cells forms a functional and therapy-resistant tumor cell network interconnected by tumor …

Specialized astrocytes mediate glutamatergic gliotransmission in the CNS

R de Ceglia, A Ledonne, DG Litvin, BL Lind, G Carriero… - Nature, 2023 - nature.com
Multimodal astrocyte–neuron communications govern brain circuitry assembly and function.
For example, through rapid glutamate release, astrocytes can control excitability, plasticity …

Norepinephrine links astrocytic activity to regulation of cortical state

ME Reitman, V Tse, X Mi, DD Willoughby… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
Cortical state, defined by population-level neuronal activity patterns, determines sensory
perception. While arousal-associated neuromodulators—including norepinephrine (NE) …

Microglia phagocytose myelin sheaths to modify developmental myelination

AN Hughes, B Appel - Nature neuroscience, 2020 - nature.com
During development, oligodendrocytes contact and wrap neuronal axons with myelin.
Similarly to neurons and synapses, excess myelin sheaths are produced and selectively …

Norepinephrine modulates calcium dynamics in cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells promoting proliferation during arousal in mice

TY Lu, P Hanumaihgari, ET Hsu, A Agarwal… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are generated
from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that express neurotransmitter receptors …

Astrocytic Ca2+ signaling is reduced during sleep and is involved in the regulation of slow wave sleep

L Bojarskaite, DM Bjørnstad, KH Pettersen… - Nature …, 2020 - nature.com
Astrocytic Ca2+ signaling has been intensively studied in health and disease but has not
been quantified during natural sleep. Here, we employ an activity-based algorithm to assess …

Improved tools to study astrocytes

X Yu, J Nagai, BS Khakh - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2020 - nature.com
Astrocytes are a type of glial cell that tile the CNS. They interact with multiple cell types,
including neurons, glial cells and blood vessels, and are involved or implicated in brain …

Astrocytes contribute to remote memory formation by modulating hippocampal–cortical communication during learning

A Kol, A Adamsky, M Groysman, T Kreisel… - Nature …, 2020 - nature.com
Remote memories depend on coordinated activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortices,
but the timeline of these interactions is debated. Astrocytes sense and modify neuronal …