The ultimate goal of studying isospin physics via heavy-ion reactions with neutron-rich,
stable and/or radioactive nuclei is to explore the isospin dependence of in-medium nuclear …

We review the new possibilities offered by the reaction dynamics of asymmetric heavy-ion
collisions, using stable and unstable beams. We show that it represents a rather unique tool …

▪ Abstract We provide an overview of collective flow phenomena observed in heavy ion
collisions from the Fermi energy range up to CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) …

The ratio of pre-equilibrium neutrons to protons from collisions of neutron-rich nuclei is
studied as a function of their kinetic energies. This ratio is found to be sensitive to the density …

The various flow phenomena observed at energies between 50 AMeV and 160 AGeV are
reviewed. I first define three types of flow: directed flow and clliptic flow, which are the two …

Using the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model we study the isospin
effects on the disappearance of flow for the reactions of 58 Ni+ 58 Ni and 58 Fe+ 58 Fe as a …

To study the nuclear symmetry energy, we extend the Dirac-Brueckner approach with a
Bonn one-boson-exchange nucleon-nucleon interaction to the general case of asymmetric …

Within the framework of an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model in which
the initial neutron and proton densities are sampled according to the densities calculated …

The energy at which collective transverse flow in the reaction plane disappears, the balance
energy E bal, is found to depend on the isospin of the system using the reactions 58 Fe+ 58 …

A theoretical study is presented for the disappearance of flow by analyzing a large number
of reactions with masses between 47 and 476 units. We demonstrate that the effect of …