Maintenance of homeostasis is pivotal to all forms of life. In the case of plants, homeostasis
is constantly threatened by the inability to escape environmental fluctuations, and therefore …

Viroids are single-stranded circular noncoding RNAs that infect plants. According to the
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, there are 44 viroids known to date …

In plant evolution, intracellular gene transfer (IGT) is a prevalent, ongoing process. While
nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are known to integrate foreign DNA via IGT and …

Genome-wide transcription analysis between related species occurring in overlapping
ranges can provide insights into the molecular basis underlying different ecological niches …

Despite the significance of the relationships between embryophytes and their charophyte
algal ancestors in deciphering the origin and evolutionary success of land plants, few …

Originally focused on the nuclear and cytosolic compartments, the concept of regulation
driven by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is extending to mitochondria and chloroplasts. These …

Most chloroplast proteins (cp proteins) are nucleus-encoded, synthesized on cytosolic
ribosomes as precursor proteins containing a presequence (cTP), and post-translationally …

Chloroplasts, the green differentiation form of plastids, are the sites of photosynthesis and
other important plant functions. Genetic and genomic technologies have greatly boosted the …

Communication between chloroplasts and the nucleus is one of the milestones of the
evolution of plants on earth. Proteins encoded by ancestral chloroplast-endogenous genes …

Intracellular targeting of mRNAs has recently emerged as a prevalent mechanism to control
protein localization. For mitochondria, a cotranslational model of protein import is now …