The analogy of mitochondria as powerhouses has expired. Mitochondria are living, dynamic,
maternally inherited, energy-transforming, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles that …

Mitochondria have cell-type specific phenotypes, perform dozens of interconnected
functions and undergo dynamic and often reversible physiological recalibrations. Given their …

A physiological level of oxygen/nitrogen free radicals and non-radical reactive species
(collectively known as ROS/RNS) is termed oxidative eustress or “good stress” and is …

Several different reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in vivo. They have roles in
the development of certain human diseases whilst also performing physiological functions …

Antioxidants have been widely studied in the fields of biology, medicine, food, and nutrition
sciences. There has been extensive work on developing assays for foods and biological …

Photocatalytic organic reactions, harvesting solar energy to produce high value-added
organic chemicals, have attracted increasing attention as a sustainable approach to address …

Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced
transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been described to induce a broad range of redox-
dependent signaling reactions in physiological conditions. Nevertheless, an excessive …

Oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions are central to the existence of life. Reactive species of
oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur mediate redox control of a wide range of essential cellular …

Nanozymes have shown great promise in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated tumor
therapy with mitigated side effects but are normally limited by the complex tumor …