Lenses with tunable focal length play important roles in nature by helping species avoid
predators and capture prey. Many practical devices mimic lens concept for imaging, sensing …

Liquid crystals are valuable materials for applications in beam steering devices. In this
paper, an overview of the use of liquid crystals in the field of adaptive optics specifically for …

Metasurface‐based lenses (metalenses) offer specific conceptual advantages compared to
ordinary refractive lenses. For example, it is possible to tune the focal length of a metalens …

An electrically tunable-focusing and polarizer-free liquid crystal (LC) lens for ophthalmic
applications is demonstrated. The optical mechanism of a LC lens used in human eye …

A liquid crystal lens array with a hexagonal arrangement is investigated experimentally. The
uniqueness of this study exists in the fact that using convex-ring electrode provides a smooth …

Electrically tunable lenses offer the possibility to control the focal distance by applying an
electric field. Different liquid crystal tunable lenses have been demonstrated. In order to …

Conventional endoscopic systems consisting of several solid lenses suffer from a fixed and
limited depth-of-field (DOF). For practical applications, conventional endoscopes …

A near-diffraction-limited, low-haze and tunable liquid crystal (LC) lens is presented.
Building on an understanding of the key factors that have limited the performance of lenses …

The electromagnetic (EM) properties of metasurfaces depend on both structural design and
material properties. microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology offers an approach …

A liquid crystal (LC) lens array with high light control power and a large aperture using a
composited alignment layer is proposed. In our design, the alignment layer is not only used …