This article is part of the Top 10 Unanswered Questions in MPMI invited review series.
Plants recognize the presence or invasion of microbes through cell surface-localized pattern …

Summary Receptor‐like kinases (RLKs), which constitute the largest receptor family in
plants, are essential for perceiving and relaying information about various environmental …

Stomata exert considerable effects on global carbon and water cycles by mediating gas
exchange and water vapour,. Stomatal closure prevents water loss in response to …

Plant immune responses are mainly activated by two types of receptor. Pattern recognition
receptors localized on the plasma membrane perceive extracellular microbial features, and …

Phosphatidic acid (PA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial cellular messengers
mediating diverse signaling processes in metazoans and plants. How PA homeostasis is …

Sessile plants encode a large number of small peptides and cell surface-resident receptor
kinases, most of which have unknown functions. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis …

Nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors (NLRs) have a critical role
in plant immunity through direct or indirect recognition of pathogen effectors. Recent studies …

Enabling and constraining immune activation is of fundamental importance in maintaining
cellular homeostasis. Depleting BAK1 and SERK4, the co-receptors of multiple pattern …

Endogenous signalling peptides play diverse roles during plant growth, development and
stress responses. Research in recent years has unravelled peptides with previously known …

The regulation of stomatal aperture opening and closure represents an evolutionary battle
between plants and pathogens, characterized by adaptive strategies that influence both …