Cultural landscapes embody historical significance, illustrating the interplay between
humankind and nature over time. These landscapes epitomize the social and cultural history …

This research focuses on the National Botanic Garden in Khartoum, Sudan, proposing tools
and methods to assess botanical garden quality from multiple perspectives. It explores the …

Accepted: 1 January 2023 Mesopotamia has seen the emergence of the dawn of
civilizations and the establishment of the first cities on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates …

The historic city of Mosul, with its unique urban characteristics, is one of the few cities that is
still inhabited, but the recent war has made it lose important and large parts of its traditional …

Due to the historical cumulative layers that were formed from the succession of construction,
demolition, and sequential reconstruction, cities have become the essence of diversity, by …

The paper discusses the decision-making in planning for the development of housing in the
river bank with strengthening riverfront city character. It conducted in Palembang, a big city …