The conventional fossil fuel reserves are continually declining worldwide and therefore
posing greater challenges to the future of the energy sources. Biofuel alternatives were …

This article is an up-to-date review of the literature available on the subject of liquid biofuels.
In search of a suitable fuel alternative to fast depleting fossil fuel and oil reserves and in …

Biodiesel production from low cost, inedible oil represents an increasingly important target
for reasons of both sustainability and cost. In this work, we comprehensively verify the batch …

Homogeneous acid catalysts received wide acceptability because of their fast reaction rates.
However, postproduction costs incurred from aqueous quenching, wastewater and loss of …

This short critical review outlines possible scenarios for using lignin as a feedstock in a
biorefinery environment. We first explain the position of biomass with respect to fossil carbon …

Biodiesel production is undergoing rapid technological reforms in industries and academia.
This has become more obvious and relevant since the recent increase in the petroleum …

Increasing number of researches focusing on the use of solid heterogeneous catalysts for
the production of biodiesel provides evidence that these catalysts continue to evolve as …

Research on biodiesel production utilizing heterogeneous catalysts continued to be studied
as an effort to develop sustainable production and to improve the quality of biodiesel. The …

Biofuels are renewable solutions to replace the ever dwindling energy reserves and
environmentally pollutant fossil liquid fuels when they are produced from low cost …

The reduction of oil resources and the consequent increasing price of oil distillates as well
as the environmental concerns of conventional fuels has renewed and increased interest on …