The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is not only important in executive functions, but also pain
processing. The latter is dependent on its connections to other areas of the cerebral …

Objectives Fibromyalgia is a condition which exhibits chronic widespread pain with
neuropathic pain features and has a major impact on health-related quality of life. The …

A key clinical problem is identifying the patient with endometriosis whose pain is
complicated by central nervous system sensitization, where conventional gynecologic …

Background Though moxibustion is frequently used to treat primary dysmenorrhea in China,
relevant evidence supporting its effectiveness is still scanty. Methods This study was a …

Background Patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) often present with abnormalities
other than dysmenorrhea including co-occurrence with other chronic pain conditions and …

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a common disorder with unsatisfactory treatment options.
Acupuncture has emerged as a promising method for treating cLBP. However, the …

Background A growing body of evidence suggests that transcutaneous auricular vagus
nerve stimulation (taVNS) may relieve symptoms of migraineurs. Frequency is one of the key …

Background Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent disorder with unsatisfactory treatment options.
Both physical and mindful exercises may be able to relieve its pain symptoms. We compared …

Central sensitization is a driving mechanism in many chronic pain patients, and manifests as
hyperalgesia and allodynia beyond any apparent injury. Recent studies have demonstrated …

Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is the most prevalent gynecological problem. Many key brain
systems are engaged in pain processing. In light of dynamic communication within and …