The rising world population and its corresponding energy demands pose a considerable
burden on natural energy sources. The exploitation of fossil fuels at such an alarming rate …

The excessive utilization of petroleum resources leads to global warming, crude oil price
fluctuations, and the fast depletion of petroleum reserves. Biodiesel has gained importance …

Biopolymer functionalization is perceived as an innovative approach to revolutionizing bio-
catalyzed chemical transformations. Lignin, the chief natural source of polyphenols, has an …

A heterogeneous catalyst was developed from raw Kwale red Anthill mud by thermal
treatment in a muffle furnace at 900° C for 4 h. The resulting heterogeneous catalyst was …

Given the decreasing supply of fossil fuels and their environmental pollution, a major
challenge facing developing and developed countries today is replacing fossil fuels with …

Abstract Formulation of biodiesel (C-18 ester links) is attracting lots of attention in recent
times owing to their sustainability, economic aspects and simple operational technique …

In this study, ethyl and methyl esters of black mustard (Brassica nigra L.) seed oil using
NaOH and KOH were produced. To attain the optimum condition for biodiesel production …

ZrO 2-based catalysts are remarkable catalyst with unique advantageous in
transesterification and esterification for biodiesel production. Various modifications have …

Given the economic and environmental advantages of using Waste Fried Oil (WFO) as a
starting material, this investigation explores the conversion of WFO to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester …

Currently, research has diverted toward generating renewable fuels due to the unreliable
supply and rising cost of conventional fuels. Biodiesel is renewable fuel commonly …