We review theoretical and numerical models of the glymphatic system, which circulates
cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid around the brain, facilitating solute transport. Models …

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have revolutionized the
treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD). However, many …

Müller cells are one of the primary glial cell types found in the retina and play a significant
role in maintaining retinal function and health. Since Müller cells are the only cell type to …

The aquaporins (AQPs) are plasma membrane water-transporting proteins. AQP4 is the
principal member of this protein family in the CNS, where it is expressed in astrocytes and is …

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation and turnover provides a sink for the elimination of
solutes from the brain interstitium, serving an important homeostatic role for the function of …

The present paper reviews astrocyte pathology in major depressive disorder (MDD) and
proposes that reductions in astrocytes and related markers are key features in the pathology …

Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is one of the most abundant molecules in the brain and is particularly
prevalent in astrocytic membranes at the blood-brain and brain-liquor interfaces. While …

Astrocytes are housekeepers of the central nervous system (CNS) and are important for
CNS development, homeostasis and defence. They communicate with neurones and other …

Müller glial cells span the entire thickness of the tissue, and ensheath all retinal neurons, in
vertebrate retinae of all species. This morphological relationship is reflected by a multitude …

After central nervous system (CNS) demyelination—such as occurs during multiple sclerosis—
there is often spontaneous regeneration of myelin sheaths, mainly by oligodendrocytes but …