Solar radiation has a profound impact on indoor thermal conditions, particularly in highly
glazed spaces. However, there have been limited field measurements on this subject …

Sustainable building design has gained global significance as a strategy to address
environmental challenges and promote healthier living spaces. This concept is particularly …

This study focuses on the multi-objective optimization of a switchable Suspended Particle
Device (SPD) vacuum glazing system to reduce energy use while ensuring thermal and …

Saudi buildings use approximately 29% of the primary energy and about 80% of the
electrical energy. Because of the hot and dry climate, air conditioners consume a lot of …

The energy efficiency and sustainability of existing buildings have become a critical concern
in Algeria's efforts to reduce energy consumption and mitigate environmental and economic …

The external building walls are significant in mitigating adverse weather conditions. Current
research on the thermal insulation of exterior walls often overlooks crucial factors such as …

This study focuses on the multi-objective optimization of a switchable Suspended Particle
Device (SPD) vacuum glazing system to reduce energy use while ensuring thermal and …

Solar radiation makes a great impact on the indoor thermal environment, especially in highly
glazed spaces; however, few previous studies had conducted field measurements on this …