More than half of the world populations are affected by micronutrient malnutrition and one
third of world's population suffers from anemia and zinc deficiency, particularly in developing …

Dead zones in the coastal oceans have spread exponentially since the 1960s and have
serious consequences for ecosystem functioning. The formation of dead zones has been …

Ocean ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to climate changes of
different rates, magnitudes, and durations (virtually certain). Human societies depend on …

This paper contrasts the natural and anthropogenic controls on the conversion of unreactive
N 2 to more reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr). A variety of data sets are used to construct global …

Water masses can become undersaturated with oxygen when natural processes alone or in
combination with anthropogenic processes produce enough organic carbon that is …

We present an update of the global budget of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) that accounts
for recent revisions in estimates of global emissions. Most importantly, new estimates of N2O …

The Earth's climate is determined by a number of complex connected physical, chemical and
biological processes occurring in the atmosphere, land and ocean. The radiative properties …

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) harbor unique microbial communities that rely on
alternative electron acceptors for respiration. Conditions therein enable an almost complete …

Vast expanses of oxygen-deficient and nitrite-rich water define the major oxygen minimum
zones (OMZs) of the global ocean. They support diverse microbial communities that …

Coastal hypoxia (defined here as< 1.42 ml L− 1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L− 1, approx. 30% oxygen
saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result …