Traumatic injuries can lead to large bone defects under extreme conditions, which usually
take a long recovery period, while the prognosis is poor. Endogenous electric field, as one …

Bioprinting techniques have been flourishing in the field of biofabrication with pronounced
and exponential developments in the past years. Novel biomaterial inks used for the …

Articular cartilage was predicted to be one of the first tissues to successfully be regenerated,
but this proved incorrect. In contrast, bone (but also vasculature and cardiac tissues) has …

Hyaline cartilage is the nonlinear, inhomogeneous, anisotropic, poro-viscoelastic connective
tissue that serves as friction-reducing and load-bearing cushion in synovial joints and is vital …

Osteochondral defect management and repair remain a significant challenge in orthopedic
surgery. Osteochondral defects contain damage to both the articular cartilage as well as the …

Articular cartilage repair and regeneration continue to be largely intractable because of the
poor regenerative properties of this tissue. The field of articular cartilage tissue engineering …

Glycopolypeptides are an emerging class of bioinspired polymers that mimic naturally
occurring glycopeptides or glycoproteins, and therefore are expected to exhibit great …

Scaffolds have been broadly applied within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to
regenerate, replace, or augment diseased or damaged tissue. For a scaffold to perform …

Anisotropic microarchitectures arising from an aligned organization of threadlike
extracellular matrix (ECM) components or cells are ubiquitous in the human body, such as …

There has been much research over the past two decades with the aim of engineering
cartilage constructs for repairing or restoring damaged cartilage. To engineer healthy …