Skyglow from sources of artificial light at night poses a significant challenge to ground-based
astronomical research and discovery. Although astronomers, conservationists, and light …

Lunar sun-reflected light can be effectively measured through a low-light band or a day/night
band (DNB) implemented on space-based optical sensors. Based on moonlight, nocturnal …

The Moon reflects sunlight like a huge mirror hanging in the sky at night, which presents the
obviously periodical changes in its luminance or irradiance due to Sun‐Earth‐Moon …

Most measurements of the diffuse light of the night sky to date consider only the intensity of
the light field, and current models can successfully reproduce these measurements …

We performed photometric calibration of the PhotoMultiplier Tube (PMT) and readout
electronics used for the new fluorescence detectors of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment …

Equations for Rayleigh scattering in a mixture of gases are derived and compared to
frequent approximations in the literature. The traditional Rayleigh scattering equation as …

Aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA) can be retrieved from the ratio of diffuse horizontal
and direct normal fluxes measured from multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer …

Laser beams projected from the ground to form sodium layer laser guide stars (LGSs) for
adaptive optics (AO) systems experience scattering and absorption that reduce their …

Laser beams projected from the ground to form laser guide stars (LGS) experience
scattering and absorption that reduce their intensity as they propagate through the …

The effects of clouds and sea-ice on the surface radiative balance in the Arctic are studied.
Clouds during arctic summer are characterized by a low optical thickness and high cloud …