Mammalian ATP-gated nonselective cation channels (P2XRs) can be composed of seven
possible subunits, denoted P2X1 to P2X7. Each subunit contains a large ectodomain, two …

The understanding of how pain is processed at each stage in the peripheral and central
nervous system is the precondition to develop new therapies for the selective treatment of …

Migraine headache originates from the stimulation of nerve terminals of trigeminal ganglion
neurons that innervate meninges. Characteristic features of migraine pain are not only its …

Increasing evidence indicates the importance of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
in the modulation of neuronal function. In particular, fine control of ATP release and the …

ATP-gated P2X3 receptors are mostly expressed by nociceptive sensory neurons and
participate in transduction of pain signals. P2X3 receptors show a combination of fast …

P2X3 receptor channels expressed in sensory neurons are activated by extracellular ATP
and serve important roles in nociception and sensory hypersensitization, making them …

The molecular mechanisms of migraine pain are incompletely understood, although
migraine mediators such as NGF and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are believed …

Evidence suggesting the involvement of P2X2 and P2X3 in chronic pain has been obtained
mostly from rodent models. Here we show that rodents may be poor predictors of P2X3 …

Pain represents a very large social and clinical problem since the current treatment provides
insufficient pain relief. Plasticity of pain receptors together with sensitisation of sensory …

Background: The R192Q mutation of the CACNA1A gene, encoding for the α1 subunit of
voltage-gated P/Q Ca2+ channels (Cav2. 1), is associated with familial hemiplegic migraine …