Human stampedes may be characterized as unidirectional or turbulent. Unidirectional
stampede events may occur when a crowd moving in the same direction encounters a …

Crowd safety is a major concern for those attending and managing mass gatherings, such
as the annual Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca (also called Makkah). One threat to crowd safety …

The classification of asphyxia and the definitions of subtypes are far from being uniform,
varying widely from one textbook to another and from one paper to the next. Unfortunately …

Overcrowding and stampedes may occur in public places with the gathering of crowds. To
mitigate and prevent risk, the accident mechanism and methods for monitoring and …

Although some experimental evidence showed that an obstacle placed in front of a door
allows making people's evacuations faster, the efficacy of such a solution has been debated …

Although the idea of mass panic is quite common in reports on accidents involving crowds,
most experts consider it to be erroneous. In a nutshell, they argue that panic and animalistic …

In this study, we investigate a two-dimensional lattice model for crowd evacuation dynamics
by using a dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) method. This model is built on the microscopic …

A 25-year retrospective study of cases of crush/traumatic asphyxia autopsied at Forensic
Science SA, Adelaide, Australia from 1980 to 2004 was undertaken. A total of 79 cases of …

The title of this article emphasizes a major factor in the management of thoracic trauma since
nonsurgical treatment of thoracic trauma is as much an integral part of the management of …

Tumble and stampede in a dense crowd may be caused by irrational behaviours of
individuals and always troubles the safety management of crowd activities. Risk evaluation …