Abstract The KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling pathway plays a central role in mediating the
adaptive cellular stress response to oxidative and electrophilic chemicals. This canonical …

Exposure to antioxidants and xenobiotics triggers the expression of a myriad of genes
encoding antioxidant proteins, detoxifying enzymes, and xenobiotic transporters to offer …

Hypersensitive site 2 located in the beta-globin locus control region confers high levels of
expression to the genes of the beta-globin cluster. A tandem repeat of the consensus …

AP-1 (activating protein-1) is a collective term referring to dimeric transcription factors
composed of Jun, Fos or ATF (activating transcription factor) subunits that bind to a common …

A plethora of physiological and pathological stimuli induce and activate a group of DNA
binding proteins that form AP-1 dimers. These proteins include the Jun, Fos and ATF …

Antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated expression and coordinated induction of
antioxidant enzymes is a critical mechanism of protection against chemically induced …

Hypoxia plays a critical role in tumor progression including invasion and metastasis. To
determine critical genes regulated by hypoxia that promote invasion and metastasis, we …

Abstract NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor that is critical for cellular
defense against oxidative and xenobiotic insults. Nrf2 heterodimerizes with small Maf (sMaf) …

The small Maf proteins (sMafs) are basic region leucine zipper (bZIP)-type transcription
factors. The basic region of the Maf family is unique among the bZIP factors, and it …

Xenobiotics are chemical substances that are foreign to biological systems and include
naturally occurring compounds, drugs, and chemicals. A simple model for understanding the …