The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades
that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their …

We live on a planet that is bathed in daily and seasonal sunlight cycles. In this context,
terrestrial life forms have evolved mechanisms that directly harness light energy (plants) or …

Ubiquitous in non-mammalian vertebrates, extra-retinal photoreceptors (ERPs) have been
linked to an array of physiological, metabolic, behavioral, and morphological changes …

Light provides a widely abundant energy source and valuable sensory cue in nature. Most
animals exposed to light have photoreceptor cells and in addition to eyes, there are many …

In recent decades, a number of novel non-visual opsin photopigments belonging to the
family of G protein-coupled receptors, likely involved in a number of non-image-forming …

The ability to detect and adapt to different levels of ambient light is critical for animal survival.
Light detection is the basis of vision, but light also regulates eye development and drives …

Detecting different wavelengths and intensities of environmental light is crucial for the
survival of many animals. In response, a multiplicity of opsins (a special group of …

The in situ generation of H2O2 in cells in response to external stimulation has exceptional
advantages in modulating intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, including high controllability and …

The photoreceptor protein, opsin, is one of the major components for vision and
photoreceptive function in animals. Although many opsins have been discovered from …

There have been a growing number of studies into the visual evolution of vertebrates.
However, there remain few detailed integrative studies on the visual system of amphibians …