In the last ten years, environmental consciousness has increased worldwide, leading to the
development of eco-friendly materials to replace synthetic ones. Natural fibers are extracted …

Poorly water-soluble drugs are frequently encountered and present a most challengeable
difficulty in pharmaceutical development. Poor solubility of drugs can lead to suboptimal …

Structural proteins, including silk fibroins, play an important role in shaping the skeletons
and structures of cells, tissues, and organisms. The amino acid sequences of structural …

Silk fibroin (SF) from Bombyx mori silkworm has been used as a textile fiber for centuries. In
addition, for decades, SF has been used as a suture material. SF's unique properties, such …

Silk extracted from the cocoon of silkworm has been used as textile materials for thousands
of years. Recently, silk has been redefined as a protein-based biomaterial with great …

Spider silk, as one of the hardest natural and biocompatible substances with extraordinary
strength and flexibility, have become an ideal option in various areas of science and have …

Advances in medical science have led to diverse new therapeutic modalities, as well as
enhanced understanding of the progression of various disease states. These findings …

Genetic code expansion is a promising genetic engineering technology that incorporates
noncanonical amino acids into proteins alongside the natural set of 20 amino acids. This …

During past few decades, the demand for the replacement of damaged organs is increasing
consistently. This is due to the advancement in tissue engineering, which opens the …

Spider web proteins are unique materials created by nature that, considering the
combination of their properties, do not have analogues among natural or human-created …