The application of photochemistry in polymer synthesis is of interest due to the unique
possibilities offered compared to thermochemistry, including topological and temporal …

Photochemical reactions, particularly those involving photoinduced electron transfer
processes, establish a substantial contribution to the modern synthetic chemistry, and the …

This review, with over 600 references, summarizes the recent applications of photoredox
catalysis for organic transformation and polymer synthesis. Photoredox catalysts are metallo …

Photomediated controlled radical polymerization is a versatile method to prepare, under
mild conditions, various well-defined polymers with complex architecture, such as block and …

Spatial and temporal regulations of ATRP by external stimuli are presented. Various ATRP
techniques, eATRP, photoATRP, and mechanoATRP, are controlled by electrical current …

In nature, the self-assembly of sequence-specific biopolymers into hierarchical structures
plays an essential role in the construction of functional biomaterials. To develop synthetic …

Background During the last few decades, progress has been made in manipulating the
architecture of synthetic polymer materials. However, the primary structure—that is, the …

Stimuli-responsive polymers adapt to their surrounding environment. These polymers are
capable of responding to a variety of external stimuli, which include optical, electrical …

Unlike natural macromolecules (eg, nucleic acids and proteins) possessing precisely
defined molar mass, chain sequence, chirality, and topology, synthetic polymers are typically …

Natural macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, display various complex
functionalities in biological systems. These functionalities depend on the macromolecular …