Aerosols affect the climate system by changing cloud characteristics in many ways. They act
as cloud condensation and ice nuclei, they may inhibit freezing and they could have an …

This paper reviews the many developments in estimates of the direct and indirect global
annual mean radiative forcing due to present‐day concentrations of anthropogenic …

This report is the first complete assessment of the science of climate change since Working
Group I (WGI) of the IPCC produced its second report Climate Change 1995: The Science of …

A revised approach to cloud microphysical processes in a commonly used bulk
microphysics parameterization and the importance of correctly representing properties of …

This comprehensive text describes the atmospheric processes, numerical methods, and
computational techniques required for a scientist to successfully study air pollution and …

CloudSat is a satellite experiment designed to measure the vertical structure of clouds from
space. The expected launch of CloudSat is planned for 2004, and once launched, CloudSat …

Mixed-phase clouds represent a three-phase colloidal system consisting of water vapor, ice
particles, and coexisting supercooled liquid droplets. Mixed-phase clouds are ubiquitous in …

A new double-moment bulk microphysics scheme predicting the number concentrations and
mixing ratios of four hydrometeor species (droplets, cloud ice, rain, snow) is described. New …

A new two-moment stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in a general circulation model is
described. Prognostic variables include cloud droplet and cloud ice mass mixing ratios and …

Prognostic precipitation is added to a cloud microphysical scheme for global climate models.
Results indicate very similar performance to other commonly used mesoscale schemes in …