Normal cells produce adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) mainly through mitochondrial
oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) when oxygen is available. Most cancer cells, on the …

Pyruvate is irreversibly decarboxylated to acetyl coenzyme A by mitochondrial pyruvate
dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Decarboxylation of pyruvate is considered a crucial step in …

Mitochondria are essential cellular organelles that are involved in regulating cellular energy,
metabolism, survival, and proliferation. To some extent, cancer is a genetic and metabolic …

Over the past decade, our understanding of the biology and pathophysiology of renal cell
carcinoma (RCC) has improved significantly. Insight into the disease process has helped us …

Cancer cells use alterations of normal metabolic processes to sustain proliferation
indefinitely. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of the pyruvate dehydrogenase …

Hypoxia is the major influence factor in physiological and pathological courses which are
mainly mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in response to low oxygen tensions …

Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi …

Simple Summary Chemotherapy resistance is a common occurrence during cancer
treatment that cancer researchers are attempting to understand and overcome. Mitochondria …

We have witnessed significant advances in the management of pulmonary arterial
hypertension (PAH)(1), a rare and severe condition characterized by intense pulmonary …

Background Research about tumor “metabolic flexibility”—the ability of cells to toggle
between preferred nutrients depending on the metabolic context—has largely focused on …