In recent decades, there has been remarkable growth in scientific research examining the
multiple ways in which racism can adversely affect health. This interest has been driven in …

Racism. Sexism. Heterosexism. Gender binarism. Together, they comprise intimately
harmful, distinct, and entangled societal systems of self-serving domination and privilege …

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minority groups in
the United States. Although a promising solution of the COVID-19 vaccination offers hope …

Adolescenceâ€" beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€" is a
critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop …

Despite growing interest in understanding how social factors drive poor health outcomes,
many academics, policy makers, scientists, elected officials, journalists, and others …

In 1999, only 20 studies in the public health literature employed instruments to measure self-
reported experiences of discrimination. Fifteen years later, the number of empirical …

This article reviews the scientific research that indicates that despite marked declines in
public support for negative racial attitudes in the United States, racism, in its multiple forms …

The pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated health inequities in both acute coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its longer-term sequelae. 1–4 Symptoms of COVID-19 persist …

Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, work, live, and
age and the wider set of forces and systems that shape the conditions of daily life. They …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States provides yet
another example of the enduring and pernicious effect of social determinants of health …