Background Post‐intensive care syndrome (PICS) encompasses physical, cognition, and
mental impairments persisting after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Ultimately it …

Interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as a factor that enhanced IFN-γ production from
anti-CD3-stimulated Th1 cells, especially in the presence of IL-12. Upon stimulation with Ag …

Background Multi-organ dysfunction in critical illness is common and frequently involves the
lungs and kidneys, often requiring organ support such as invasive mechanical ventilation …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome that complicates the course and worsens the
outcome in a significant number of hospitalised patients. Recent advances in clinical and …

Preclinical models of human disease provide powerful tools for therapeutic discovery but
have limitations. This problem is especially apparent in the field of acute kidney injury (AKI) …

Acute kidney injury may increase the risk for chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal
disease. In an attempt to summarize the literature and provide more compelling evidence …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of nephrology consultation and is associated
with high mortality rates. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, hypoxia or …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) as a consequence of ischemia is a common clinical event leading
to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill patients and is associated with increased
morbidity and mortality. Dysfunction of other organs is an important cause of poor outcomes …

A consensus conference on cardio-renal syndromes (CRS) was held in Venice Italy, in
September 2008 under the auspices of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). The …