Abstract" Life is an instantaneous encounter of circulating matter and flowing energy"(Jean
Giaja, Serbian physiologist), is one of the most elegant definitions not only of life but the …

Abstract Calcium (Ca 2+) signaling is critical for cell function and cell survival. Mitochondria
play a major role in regulating the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+] i). Mitochondrial …

In the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), the voltage-dependent anion channel 1
(VDAC1) serves as a mitochondrial gatekeeper, controlling the metabolic and energy cross …

Background Myocardial microvascular injury is the key event in early diabetic heart disease.
The injury of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) is the main cause and …

Abstract Ca2+-activated K+ channels of intermediate conductance (IK) are frequently
overexpressed in breast cancer (BC) cells, while IK channel depletion reduces BC cell …

Nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a
critical determinant of vascular homeostasis. However, the real-time detection of intracellular …

Intracellular Ca2+ signaling drives angiogenesis and vasculogenesis by stimulating
proliferation, migration, and tube formation in both vascular endothelial cells and endothelial …

Thyroid hormones act as master regulators of cellular metabolism. Thereby, the biologically
active triiodothyronine (T3) induces the expression of genes to enhance mitochondrial …

The interplay of metabolic and signaling processes is prerequisite for the functionality of
cells. Any disturbances may have severe consequences, resulting in the development of …

Short abstract Over the last decades a broad collection of sophisticated fluorescent protein-
based probes was engineered with the aim to specifically monitor nitric oxide (NO), one of …