Scale formation on surfaces can normally be divided into two distinct processes: a
“deposition process” which refers to the process of heterogeneous nucleation and growth at …

Crystallization fouling poses significant safety, operational, economic, and environmental
challenges. It is therefore imperative to mitigate crystallization fouling using accurate …

Crystallization fouling presents a significant challenge in a wide range of industries.
Accurate understanding of crystal formation is crucial for planning preventative measures …

Crystallization fouling in heat exchangers, subsurface energy production, and membrane
technology remains a challenge. The reactive crystallization process is governed by whether …

Fouling processes present significant challenges in many industries; understanding these
processes is crucial for accurate prediction and planning effective mitigation protocols …

Five coatings, among diamond-like carbon (DLC), polymer-like carbon (PLC), and a polymer
composite (PPS-based) were applied to a corrosion-resistant alloy substrate and …

Mineral scale formation and deposition in down-hole completion equipment such as
subsurface safety valves can cause dramatic and unacceptable safety risks and associated …

The formation of mineral scales such as barium sulphate and calcium carbonate remains an
issue for the oil industry, after many years of oil exploration. In the last 10 years, the difficulty …

The intervention of sophisticated downhole tools, such as inflow control devices (ICDs) and
inflow control valves (ICVs), has led to increased shear stresses being experienced in the …

To study the scaling process in sub-sea pipelines, a mesoscale experimental loop was
developed, it was used to generate inorganic salt deposition in a one-inch diameter pipe. A …