Vaccination represents the best line of defense against infectious diseases and is crucial in
curtailing pandemic spread of emerging pathogens to which a population has limited …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory, autoimmune and connective-tissue
arthropathy. The methotrexate (MTX) and aceclofenac (ACL) combination drug regimen is …

Aceclofenac (ACE), a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, is the derivative of the diclofenac group
that has been in use for the symptomatic treatment of systemic inflammatory autoimmune …

Skin delivery of biomacromolecules holds great advantages in the systemic and local
treatment of multiple diseases. However, the densely packed stratum corneum and the tight …

Introduction The erythrocyte membranes used in nanovaccines include high membrane
stability, long circulation life, adaptability and extremely good bio compatibility …

Drug-resistant species of tuberculosis (TB), which spread faster than traditiona TB, is a
severely infectious disease. The conventional drug therapy used in the management of …

Vaccines represent a cornerstone in global health history, marking one of the most
significant scientific achievements. Initially consisting of live or attenuated microorganisms …

Background: malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites remains a public health threat. The
circumsporozoite proteins (CSPs) of Plasmodium sporozoite play a key role in Plasmodium …

Skin is the body's largest organ and serves as a protective barrier from physical, thermal,
and mechanical environmental challenges. Alongside, the skin hosts key immune system …

The suboptimal efficacies of existing anti-malarial drugs attributed to the emergence of drug
resistance dampen the clinical outcomes. Hence, there is a need for developing novel drug …